Ogra again increased the price of compressed natural gas (CNG) by Rs 1.75 in the country and is forcing stations to sell gas on higher rates of Rs 57.03 against Rs 55.30.
Ogra has fixed the selling price of CNG for the Potohar Region, Khyber-Pakhtukhawa and Balochistan at Rs 57.03 against Rs 55.30 and for Sindh and the central Punjab Rs 55.30 against Rs 53.03.
Ogra on Sunday issued a notification on revised retail prices of compressed natural gas (CNG) in the country. On the other hand, the All Pakistan CNG Association has rejected the revised retail price of gas and decided to beseige the Ogra headquarters in protest on August 4.
The official spokesman of Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority (Ogra), Asad Latif, told The News that the concerned authority had issued a notification of the new revised retail price of CNG across the country. All stations would follow the rates of gas according to the notification, he said. He said that overall, Ogra had increased the rates by Rs 1.75 per kilogram throughout the country.
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CNG, OGRA
CNG, government, ogra, Pakistan, rates
Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) is a blend of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Air that is a direct replacement source for Natural Gas. Working on the fundamentals of fuel interchangebility, the LPG-Air mix/blending is an invisible application of LPG not known to many.
The oppurtunities SNG, also known as Substitute Natural Gas, provides include:
- Using it as an industrial back-up (during the Natural Gas shutdown/curtailments).
- Using it a base fuel to serve area not under service of Natural Gas.
- Using it to suppliment Natural Gas during peak demands known as peak shaving.
SNG is made by mixing the vapour LPG with air to a ratio of approximately 45% air and 55% LPG. Why mixing? Becasue LPG is a highly concentrated source of energy, with 2516 BTU’s per cubic foot gross heat content. Which is too rich to be used as a substitute for natural gas without dilution. If the Natural Gas and SNG have an indentical Wobbe Index, they will produce equivalent energies and will combust in the same amount of air. Thus the mixer blends in just the right amount of air and LPG; producing a mix of specific gravity 1.31 (1480BTU/Cu.Ft) and Wobbe Index that will match that of the Natural Gas.
This interchangeable use of SNG and NG makes it a powerful tool to startegically manage Natural Gas shortage. In the coming posts we will discuss the details of this strategy and technical aspects of SNG.
Energy, Infrastructure, Natural Gas, SNG
Natural g, Pakistan, SNG, Synthethic Natural Ga
State of Telecom in Pakistan has a good post about telecom’s role in conserving energy and saving money.
Last year we saw Telenor and Warid vie in the media as the first one to install solar base stations. That was a start and the trend for green, renewable and more efficient solutions will continue. There is a lot more work to be done in the energy conservation and alternative reneable sources of energy for the technology and telecom industry. The infrastructure elements such as base stations consume significant energy and the data centers needed to run the IT operations are also major energy spenders. The infrastructure sharing idea promoted in Pakistan was also a good point in theory but its actual success has not been reported yet.
Typically, around half of the operating expenditure of a network company is spent on electricity, according to Ericsson. The proportion tends to be higher for operators in the developing world because their base-stations may be in remote areas, and therefore require diesel-fuelled generators. So the recent spike in energy prices has prompted operators to look for ways to cut costs.
The Economist ran a story about green telecom networks and ways to conserve energy in the telecom world. Good tips for saving energy from Economist.com include:
There are some relatively simple ways to reduce the energy consumption of a base-station. The first is to turn down the air-conditioning. Many mobile operators now run base-stations at a standard temperature of 35ºC, rather than the previous norm of 25-30ºC. Studies show that the higher temperature does not reduce the equipment’s reliability or life expectancy. “The biggest restriction is actually our technicians, who do not like going into the hut to work at 35 degrees,” says Andy MacLeod, Vodafone’s global networks director.
Operating at this temperature means ambient air can be used for cooling, even in hot countries. An air-filter is installed on one side of the cabin, and a fan is installed on the other, resulting in a steady flow of air. Vodafone plans to replace air-conditioning with this simpler approach, called “freecooling”, in the majority of its base-stations over the next three years, as part of a plan to reduce its carbon footprint by 50% between 2006 and 2020.
Conservation, Electricity, Energy, Environment, Green, Infrastructure
Pakistan, telecom
